Our earth has an ecosystem with a basic structure. In which different species of living organisms like animals, plants, insects, and other things are live with each other and interact with the environment is called habitats.
What is an ecosystem? A simple definition of ecosystem
The interaction between a man with his environment and with each other is called an ecosystem.
An ecosystem is made up of all producers and consumers in a community as well as the physical environment.
The living part of an ecosystem is called the biotic part. It obtains its energy from sunlight and its raw materials from the non-living or abiotic part of the ecosystem.
Sunlight energy trapped by plants during photosynthesis is passed by way of food webs to the entire biotic component of an ecosystem and is eventually lost as heat.
On the other hand, raw materials of life such as carbon and nitrogen are not lost. They are used and reused over and over as they circulate between the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.
What are 2 types of environments?
There are two types of environment. These Two types are Artificial environment and Natural environment.
An artificial environment with example
Under certain climatic or regional conditions, animals or plants can't survive naturally so humans create an environment in which they control factors such as temperature, light, water, minerals, etc.
To produce ideal living conditions for the organisms. Rare species of animals, birds, and fish are kept in zones, sanctuaries, and aquariums, while rare plants are kept in greenhouses.
Natural environment with example
Animals live in natural conditions for which they are best suited. Since their bodies are well-adapted to these conditions, they are found in one particular habitat.
For example, frogs can live on and as well as in water, so frogs are usually seen living near ponds and streams. Squirrels are found in woodlands where they build nests in trees and eat nuts, seeds, and the tips of young twigs.
4 main features of the environment
Climate, soil, landscape, and other living organisms are called features of the natural environment.
Effect of climate
The average temperature, rainfall, and amount of sunshine affect the types and number of plants and animals living in a particular area.
Organisms living in wet or very cold climates are completely different from those living in hot, dry regions.
Impact of soil on the environment
Sandy soil has large air spaces and cannot hold water so they are light and dry. However, clay soils have very fine particles with almost no air spaces, so they can hold a lot of water and are heavy and wet.
Plants growing in sandy soils have spreading roots. Their thick, fleshy leaves and stems are covered with a waxy layer to stop the evaporation of water. Animals living in sandy soils burrow deep into the sand.
Effect of landscape on environment
The type of landform affects living organisms because it causes changes in the local climatic conditions. For example, the climate of a valley is quite different from the climate at the top of a mountain.
Effects of living organisms on the environment
Organisms affect the lives of other organisms, living in the same environment. For example, plants compete with each other for light and water, and animals compete with each other for food.
Humans beings destroy both plants and animals to build cities, roads and cultivate the land.
Humans also pollute the environment by running vehicles, factories, and mills.
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